In this intervention study, St-Onge et al. performed a weight loss intervention trial in 190 overweight premenopausal women to test two hypotheses: 1) baseline inflammatory status affects response to weight loss and 2) inflammatory markers are associated with other cardiometabolic risk factors tied to atherogenic dyslipidemia and insulin sensitivity. Although weight loss significantly improved LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin sensitivity, baseline values of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-a were not significantly associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. For instance, changes in insulin and triglycerides produced by the intervention were of the same magnitude, independent of tertiles of baseline CRP levels. Moreover, triglyceride levels were higher and insulin sensitivity lower across CRP tertiles. The authors concluded that, independent of baseline inflammatory status, achieving weight loss by adopting healthy nutritional habits has significant effects on cardiometabolic risk factors.
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