An elevated triglyceride concentration is a common feature of the metabolic syndrome and is largely found in the presence of intra-abdominal (visceral) obesity. The effects of weight loss on markers of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein metabolism and adipokines were investigated in a sample of 35 abdominally obese men with the metabolic syndrome who followed a 16-week randomized controlled dietary intervention. Compared to the weight maintenance group (control group), weight loss, waist circumference, intra-abdominal and subcutaneous fat, triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and fasting insulin decreased significantly in the weight loss group. Moreover, apolipoprotein (apo) CIII, apo B48, VLDL-apo B, remnant-like particle cholesterol, and retinol-binding protein-4 also decreased significantly in the weight loss intervention group, while adiponectin and high-molecular weight adiponectin increased. Multivariate analyses revealed that in a model including changes in intra-abdominal fat, insulin, and total adiponectin levels, the reduction in apo CIII was an independent predictor of changes in apo B48, VLDL-apo B, remnant-like particle cholesterol, and triglyceride concentrations.
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