The aim of this study was to evaluate prospectively the impact of experimental overfeeding on the metabolism of healthy individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes. For that matter, an experiment was designed to study the effects of 3 and 28 days of overfeeding by 5,200 kJ/day in 41 sedentary individuals with (FH+) and without (FH-) a family history of type 2 diabetes. Results showed that 28 days of overfeeding induced weight gain and peripheral insulin resistance in healthy nondiabetic individuals. More specifically, the authors observed that weight gain was higher in FH+ than in FH- individuals at 28 days which could be partly explained by a trend towards greater fat and energy consumption observed in FH+ individuals. It was also reported that fasting serum insulin, insulin resistance assessed by HOMA-IR, and C-peptide increased more in FH+ than in FH-. In addition, liver fat, subcutaneous and intra-abdominal (visceral) adipose tissue increased similarly in both groups. These results indicate that healthy individuals with a family history of type 2 diabetes have an impaired ability to respond to overfeeding which generates adverse metabolic effects.
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