Although several studies have suggested a relationship between adiposity indices, diabetes, and inflammatory markers in Caucasian populations, few studies have addressed this topic in Asian Indians. The purpose of this study by Mahadik et al. was to evaluate the relationship between obesity, diabetes status, and inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), adiponectin, resistin, and leptin. A total of 41 nonobese subjects, 40 obese subjects, and 53 diabetic subjects were recruited. Compared to nonobese subjects, obese and diabetic patients had lower levels of adiponectin and higher CRP concentrations. Obese nondiabetic patients had higher levels of resistin or leptin than controls. In nonobese subjects, those with untreated diabetes had lower levels of adiponectin and appeared to have higher CRP levels than nonobese controls or patients treated for diabetes. Leptin and resistin levels were similar among subgroups. Compared to either obese controls or obese and untreated patients with diabetes, obese and treated diabetic patients had lower leptin levels. Plasma concentrations of resistin, CRP, and adiponectin did not differ between subgroups. Given the inflammatory complications associated with obesity and untreated diabetes, the investigators suggested that targeting various proinflammatory cascades in adipose tissue could improve treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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