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Simplified scheme of insulin action on glucose transport

Summary of the effects of insulin on glucose and lipid metabolism in various tissues and the components affected by insulin resistance

Potential cellular mechanism for activating inflammatory signaling

Potential mechanisms for obesity-induced inflammation

Mechanism of fatty acid-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle

Impact of intra-abdominal fat on plasma glucose-insulin homeostasis

Mechanism of fatty acid-induced insulin resistance in liver

Model for adipose tissue macrophage polarization and its function in adipose tissue with progressive obesity

Links between hypertension and cardiovascular disease in insulin resistance and obesity

Schematic representation of the greater relative loss in intra-abdominal adipose tissue as compared with subcutaneous adipose tissue induced by exercise training in the absence of weight loss

Respective contribution of type 2 diabetic hyperglycemia versus the clustering of abdominal obesity-related risk factors (metabolic syndrome) to the increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in diabetes

The atherogenic lipoprotein profile associated with obesity and insulin resistance is largely attributable to intra-abdominal fat.

Diabetes 2003;52:172-9