In this video, Drs. Després, Ross and Poirier discuss the importance of measuring waist circumference in clinical practice. Dr. Ross emphasizes that despite available evidence on the usefulness of measuring waist circumference in addition to weight and height, there still is a need to educate primary care physicians to perform this measurement. Dr. Poirier, an academic cardiologist, confirms that the measurement of waist circumference is not performed on a routine basis in cardiology. Furthermore, Drs. Després and Poirier address the so-called obesity paradox in cardiology. Dr. Ross comments on the kind of support that should be provided in primary care to help patients improve their nutritional and physical activity habits. Dr. Poirier adds to the discussion a comment on the gap between the science generated on the benefits of lifestyle modification programs and services that are offered to patients in cardiac rehabilitation programs. Dr. Ross closes this session by discussing the return on investments associated with prevention programs.