This post-hoc analysis of the Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis Study aimed to identify food intake patterns that could influence the relationship between hemostasis and inflammatory markers, such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibrinogen, and risk of type 2 diabetes. In this cohort of 880 middle-aged subjects initially free of diabetes, 144 individuals developed type 2 diabetes during the 5-year follow-up. High intake of the food groups red meat, low-fibre bread and cereal, dried beans, fried potatoes, tomato vegetables, eggs, cheese, and cottage cheese and low intake of wine characterized the food pattern, which was positively associated with PAI-I and fibrinogen. A positive association between the simplified dietary pattern score and risk of diabetes was observed, irrespective of confounding variables. The odds of incident diabetes increased significantly with an increasing dietary pattern score, even after adjusting for insulin sensitivity and secretion. Lastly, the positive association between food pattern score and risk of type 2 diabetes was strongly present in nonobese subjects but not in obese individuals. Based on these results, the Insulin Resistance and Atherosclerosis Study identified a food pattern simultaneously affecting PAI-I and fibrinogen and the onset of diabetes.
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