The aim of this paper was to explain the role of leptin and adiponectin in the prediction of incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in a large prospective population-based cohort study of middle-aged men and women. They also examined the combined contribution of leptin and adiponectin using the leptin/adiponectin ratio, as recent studies have reported that this ratio was a good indicator of atherosclerosis risk. However, they found no association between leptin, adiponectin and their ratio with the risk of CHD after adjustment for potential confounders.