This review article examined the extensive litterature concerning the impact of various dietary interventions to prevent the development of type 2 diabetes. Traditionally, a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet was recommended for preventing type 2 diabetes among people at risk. Recently, alternative dietary approaches including high-protein and low-glycemic-load diets have been shown to be effective particularly in regards to weight loss. These dietary approaches share an under-recognised unifying mechanism: the reduction of postprandial glycemia and insulinemia. Therefore, recommendations for prevention of type 2 diabetes are evolving towards dietary strategies inspired by Mediterranean-style diets and low-glycemic-load diets instead of conventional low-fat diets.
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