In a mouse model of diet-induced obesity, obesity was linked to increased accumulation of both T cells and macrophages in adipose tissue. These cells may play important roles in obesity-related disease by influencing preadipocyte/adipocyte functions. Obese mice also had gender-dependent up-regulation of mRNA and protein levels of RANTES and its receptor CCR5 in adipose tissue, and diet-induced obese adiponectin-deficient mice had higher RANTES mRNA levels in adipose tissue than did wild-type mice. In humans, obese individuals with the metabolic syndrome had higher mRNA levels of RANTES and CCR5 in subcutaneous adipose tissue than did lean individuals. In morbidly obese patients, RANTES and CCR5 mRNA levels were significantly higher in intra-abdominal adipose tissue than in subcutaneous adipose tissue.
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